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Research Ready!: Summarizing, Paraphrasing, and Avoiding Plagiarism

complementary guide to CORE Research Ready badge workshops

Objectives

By the end of this workshop students will be able to:

  1. Summarize and paraphrase reputable sources without plagiarizing.
  2. Practice citing source in text using parenthetical citations.

Plagiarism

  1. Plagiarism
    1. What is it?
    2. How to avoid plagiarism

Common types of plagiarism

Copy-and-paste plagiarism

Copy-and-paste plagiarism, also known as direct plagiarism, means copying a passage from a source without a citation.

If you want to use someone else’s exact words, you need to quote the source and cite it correctly.

Mosaic plagiarism

Mosaic plagiarism means using various phrases, passages and ideas from different sources to create a kind of “mosaic” or “patchwork” of other researchers’ work, without proper citations.

Although the result is a completely new piece of text, the words and ideas aren’t new.

Self-plagiarism

Self-plagiarism means reusing parts of your own previous work (e.g. submitting the same paper to a different class or recycling a dataset) without acknowledging this.

Self-plagiarizing is a problem because your readers expect the work to be new and original.

Global plagiarism

Global plagiarism means submitting an entire work written by someone else. That includes having a friend write your paper for you or buying an essay from an online essay mill.

This is considered the most severe form of plagiarism, because you’re deliberately lying about the authorship of the work.

Summarization

    1. Summarize
      1. What is it?
      2. How to summarize

Paraphrasing

  1. Paraphrase
      1. What is it?
      2. How to paraphrase

In-text Ciations

  1. In-text citations
    1. What is it?
    2. When & How to cite

In Text Citations

Both APA and MLA cite sources within a paper by using parenthetical, in-text references. MLA uses the author’s last name and the page number as reference. APA uses the author’s last name and the year of publication. If a direct quote is used, APA requires author’s name, year, and page number.

The examples below are based on an excerpt from page 39 of French author Fifi LaRue’s autobiography, My Fabulous Life, which was published in 1969.

Excerpt:

Paris in 1920 was simply exquisite! I embarked on my writing career that year and began building my reputation for letters among the Paris intelligentsia. Oooh la la! Fifi loved Paris and Paris loved her back, passionately and with wild abandon. I fondly remember 1920 as “L’anné Merveilleuse de Fifi.”

 

APA

Paraphrase or non-quoted reference

Fifi’s life was always flamboyant, but she remarked once that the year 1920 was her most marvelous year (LaRue, 1969).

Author’s name mentioned in the sentence

Fifi LaRue (1969) remarked in her autobiography that she looked fondly on the year 1920 as one of the most remarkable of her life.

Direct quote

Fifi remarked in her autobiography, “I fondly remember 1920 as ‘L’anné Merveilleuse de Fifi’” (LaRue, 1969, p. 39). LaRue (1969, p. 39) remarked in her autobiography, “I fondly remember 1920 as ‘L’anné Merveilleuse de Fifi.’”

 

MLA

Paraphrase or non-quoted reference

Fifi’s life was always flamboyant, but she remarked once that the year 1920 was her most marvelous year (LaRue 39).

Author’s name mentioned in the sentence

Fifi LaRue remarked in her autobiography that she looked fondly on the year 1920 as one of the most remarkable of her life (39).

Direct quote

Fifi remarked in her autobiography, “I fondly remember 1920 as ‘L’anné Merveilleuse de Fifi’” (LaRue 39). LaRue remarked in her autobiography, “I fondly remember 1920 as ‘L’anné Merveilleuse de Fifi’” (39).

 

Source: https://libguides.unf.edu/citationguide